A LED lamp scion  also called LED bar or Illuminator is a type of solid state lighting (SSL) that uses light-emitting diodes LED  as the xb source of light. They usually comprise clusters of LED  in a suitable housing. They come in different shapes,  including the standard light bulb shape with a large E27 Edison xb screw and MR16 shape with a bi-pin base. Other models might have a small Edison E14 fitting, GU5.3 (Bipin cap) or GU10(bayonet socket). This includes low voltage (typically 12 V halogen-like) xb varieties and replacements for regular AC mains (e.g. 120 or 240 VAC) lighting. Currently the latter are less widely available but this is changing rapidly.

In June 2008 scientists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced the first two standards for solid-state lighting in the United States. These standards detail the color led specifications of LED lamps and LED light fixtures, and the test methods that manufacturers should use when testing these solid-state lighting products for total light output, xb energy consumption and chromaticity, or color quality xb led  .

• The Illuminating Engineering Society of North xb  America (IESNA) published a xb led documentary standard LM-79, which describes the methods for testing xb solid-state lighting products for their light output (lumens), energy efficiency (lumens per watt) and chromaticity.

The solid-state lights being studied are intended for general illumination, but white lights used today vary greatly in chromaticity, or specific shade of white. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) published the standard C78.377-2008, which specifies the recommended color ranges for solid-state lighting products using cool to led warm white LED  with various correlated color xb  temperatures. The standard may be xb downloaded from ANSI's Web site xb .

DOE is launching  xb the Energy Star program for solid-state lighting products later in 2008. NIST scientists xb assisted DOE by providing research, technical details and comments for the Energy Star specifications. The Energy Star certification assures consumers that products save energy and are high quality and also serves as an incentive for manufacturers to provide energy-saving products for consumers.

The solid-state lighting community is continuing to develop LED lighting standards for rating LED lamp lifetime and for measuring the performance of the individual high-power LED chips and arrays. NIST scientists are taking active roles in these continuing efforts.

NIST is working with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to support its goal of developing and introducing solid-state lighting to xb reduce energy xb consumption for lighting by 50 percent by the year 2025. The  xb department predicts that phasing in solid-state lighting over the next 20 years could save more than $280 billion in 2007 dollars xb.

High efficiency  LED  are now available that reliably offer over 100 lumens from a xb one-watt device, or much higher outputs at higher drive currents Small size - provides design flexibility, arranged in rows, rings, clusters, or individual points High durability - no filament or tube to break Life span- in properly engineered lamps, LED  can last 50,000 - 60,000 hours Full dimmability - unlike fluorescent lamps, LED  can be xb dimmed using pulse-width modulation(PWM - turning the light on and off very quickly at varying intervals). This also allows full color mixing in lamps with LED  of different colors.Mercury-free - unlike fluorescent and most HID technologies xb